ATI Pathophysiology Practice Exam 2025 – 400 Free Practice Questions to Pass the Exam

The distinction between type 1 and type 2 diabetes lies primarily in their underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Type 1 diabetes is characterized by an autoimmune response that leads to the destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. This autoimmune process is often triggered by genetic and environmental factors, resulting in little to no insulin production. Individuals with type 1 diabetes typically require lifelong insulin therapy to manage their blood glucose levels effectively.

In contrast, type 2 diabetes is predominantly associated with insulin resistance. In this condition, the body's cells do not respond effectively to insulin, and over time, the pancreas may also produce less insulin. Type 2 diabetes is often linked with lifestyle factors such as obesity, physical inactivity, and diet, though genetic predisposition also plays a significant role.

This distinction is important as it guides the treatment approaches for each type of diabetes. Type 1 diabetes necessitates insulin replacement therapy, while type 2 diabetes can often be managed initially with lifestyle modifications and oral medications, although some patients may eventually require insulin as the disease progresses.

The other choices present misconceptions about the differences between type 1 and type 2 diabetes, such as the idea that type 1 only occurs in childhood or that it can be treated with oral medications